CloudKit supports both the concept of public and private databases. This means not only the owner but also the second user can modify the data shared with them. CloudKit sharing provides a way for records contained within a private database to be shared with other app users, entirely at the discretion of the owner of that database. The prior version of the record you tried to save. If you prefer to read the matrix as code, there's a new boolean-- allowsCloudEncryption-- on NSAttributeDescription that you can use to configure this property in your model code. The same note fields for text and modified datetime can be stored locally in a file via NSKeyedArchiver or the like, and the UI can provide near full functionality based on this local copy. The CKShare object may also be configured with title and icon information to be included in the share link message. The first step is to implement the UIKit scene delegate method windowScene(_:userDidAcceptCloudKitShareWith:). Apps can support such use cases by moving user data to CloudKit and implementing a data sharing flow that includes features like share management and access control. here, the shared store for my application. No specific cutoff point is specified (a maximum of 1MB total is recommended for each CKRecord), but as a rule of thumb, just about anything that feels like an independent item (an image, a sound, a blob of text) rather than as a database field should probably be stored as a CKAsset. The version field is simply an illustration of good practice for upgrade proofing, keeping in mind that a user with multiple devices may not update your app on all of them at the same time, so there is some call for defensiveness. Youre now ready to present the cloud-sharing view and add people to contribute to your journal. Although this adds complexity to the client, its ultimately a far better solution than having Apple come up with one of a few server-side mechanisms for conflict resolution. Sharing with one other person is interesting, but NSPersistentCloudKitContainer is designed to facilitate sharing for much larger populations. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. With this code in place, navigate back to DestinationDetailView.swift to present CloudSharingView. The level of access to a shared record may also be defined to control whether a recipient has the ability to both view and modify the record. So I'll tap Mail and then enter the information for my friends. by tapping the Edit button, I can't delete this post. Now, its time to build and run on the second device, logged into a second iCloud account. When storing data via CloudKit, CloudKit Console allows you to interact with the data in question and perform several other functions such as viewing logs. When the recipient taps on the share link, the app (if installed) will be launched and provided with the shared record information ready to be displayed. Using a single managed object context, my application can access data in both stores. Observe CloudSharingView in the context of updating permissions. that other users can view and, if desired, contribute to. The first iteration of Core Data in iCloud on iOS worked on top of document storage and employed the same iCloud APIs. Sharing with one other person is interesting, Each of these participants will be able to access. Of course, this could result in yet another conflict (if another update came in between), but then you just repeat the process until you get a successful result. fetchShares(matching objectIDs:) is new in iOS 15 and allows me to get the CKShare for a specific post. You can think of the name as the primary key of the record in a simple database sense (names must be unique, for example). But you can also tell share(_ managedObjects: to share: completion:) to store objects in a specific shared zone by passing it a non-nil CKShare. Change the permission to View only. NSPersistentCloudKitContainer automatically syncs. See that data now exists at the bottom in the Participants section. Sets the title of the share, using the caption of the. To understand these challenges a bit more clearly, we need to identify two crucial concepts for sharing. Our users need all of that information so that they can make good decisions about the objects they choose to share. Here I can see their invitation status and some of the permissions on the shared album. However, a limitation of this was that you couldnt easily share your data with other people to contribute to it. In addition to this, you set databaseScope to .shared. Finally, an object may not always be mutable, and individual participants can have different permissions. CloudSharingView conforms to the protocol UIViewControllerRepresentable and wraps the UIKit UICloudSharingController so you can use it in SwiftUI. Build and run. If I tap on it, I can also see the participants, displayed at the bottom of the detail view controller. Streaming is available in most browsers, and in the WWDC app. This second step may be repeated in the case of a conflict. Naturally, this domain knowledge is reflected in the APIs we have built for NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. At least one real device To send and accept share invitation(s). Tap the shared object to go to the detail screen. Also, the service itself must protect against a range of potential issues, such as unauthorized requests, conflicting changes, and the like. If its not shared, create the share from the destination object. To complete the demo, I had to make two other changes. To change the permissions and access to this data, Apple has done all the heavy lifting for you. shared CKRecords are contained inside a shared CKRecordZone. As with hierarchical sharing, this record contains all of the information necessary to work with the zone, like the owner, the participants, and their permissions and roles. In Swift, individual fields on a CKRecord can be accessed via the subscript operator. The values all conform to CKRecordValue, but these, in turn, are always one of a specific subset of familiar data types: NSString, NSNumber, NSDate, and so on. to add specific logic to my application code. To begin the sharing process, add the following code to your persistentContainer below the // TODO: 1 comment: This code configures the shared database to store records shared with you. a number of API methods to align with each of these concerns. Within this container, youre going to use the private database (because you want the users note to be seen only by that user) and within the private database, youre going to use a custom record zone, which enables notification of specific record changes. Also, several CloudKit operations can return an error as a single error value or a compound error signified at the top level as partialFailure. On Mary's device, I'll accept the new share, and now I can see the new post. with their role, permissions, and acceptance state. It checks databaseScope and determines whether its private or shared. New in iOS 15 is acceptShareInvitations(from:into:completion:). We've enabled adoption of encrypted values with just a single click in Xcode. Next, we'll take a deep dive into the mechanics of sharing. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Theres just one catch: This controller is a UIKit controller, and your app is SwiftUI. Participants can have different roles and permissions. When a notification comes in that a record has changed, CloudKitNoteDatabase will do the heavy lifting of fetching the changes from CloudKit. The end goal is not only to display shared entries but also to get information about the people participating in the share. NSPersistentCloudKitContainer includes a number of API methods to align with each of these concerns. This takes you to a screen to add a recent destination you visited. If I tap on it, I can see that the Edit button is disabled and the participants entry for Jermaine shows that he is a Read-Only participant on the share. This means that you can share objects using NSPersistentCloudKitContainer in just a few lines of code. that is allowed to operate on those objects in some way. Once youre in this section, you need to specify the container you want to see. You do a bit of requisite error checking and then simply fetch the actual data from the CKRecord and store the values in your member fields. Another user will see a different set of zones in their .private and .shared databases, depending on whether or not they are the owner of those zones. Another user will see a different set of zones. Amazing! Im going to take a fairly deep technical dive into the CloudKit API to explore ways you can leverage this technology to make awesome multi-device apps. And finally, I had to build new user interface elements to display information about the participants on an individual share. It's been my pleasure to introduce just some of the changes we've made to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to support sharing. was to be able to accept share invitations. Photos also allows me to view the participants on the album. Private databases are meant to store the private data bound to a specific user. Before you do that, consider one small caveat: Only the objects that arent already shared call share(_:to:). I'll open Mail and tap the link inside the email I sent, And exactly how much did I have to change, Sharing is by far the most complicated feature. But our applications are usually designed to manage large collections of data. into instances of CKRecord that are stored in CloudKit. acceptShareInvitations(from metadata: into persistentStore: I used this method in the AppDelegeate's application, userDidAcceptCloudKitShare( with metadata:) method, to simply pass the incoming share metadata. Thus, your AppDelegate should call application.registerForRemoteNotifications in didFinishLaunchingWithOptions and implement didReceiveRemoteNotification. I adopted a new method on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to create the share. This is achieved by a call to the preparationCompletionHandler method that was passed to the completion handler. There are two ways to share data via CloudKit: record sharing and zone sharing. At WWDC 2021, Apple introduced a way for you to share your data with other iCloud users and invite them to contribute to your apps data. this new Allows Cloud Encryption checkbox. CloudKit supports both structured and bulk data. Last, head to the CloudKit Console so you can verify your data. If it doesnt have an associated share record, theres no need to continue. Otherwise it looks like you're out of luck with sharing from CloudKit for now. Select Private Database. Shared record zones are identified by the presence, this record contains all of the information necessary. Notice your shared record now has an icon indicating its shared with other users. Finally, I'll tap Send to send the email. For example, I might need to know whether or not an object is shared. The SharingProvider has methods for binding. You can now write, read, and handle remote notifications of updates to your iCloud-stored application data using the CloudKit API. For example purposes, I included a basic sanity check to make sure I am updating the correct record, and then update the fields and notify the delegate that we have new data. Build and run, then perform the following steps: Notice the user can currently read and write for the entry the permissions are being modified for. These values are decrypted locally on device after they're downloaded from the CloudKit server, and they're encrypted locally on device before they are uploaded to the CloudKit server. Apple added sharing to CloudKit. Open CoreDataStack.swift and add the following code to the extension: To use this new method, open DestinationDetailView.swift. Heather, Jermaine, Percy, and Mary are all test accounts I regularly work with when I'm building sharing features. This is a cute trick in Swift that allows me to simply check if the provided objectID is in sharedObjectIDs. Select Private Database. For each participant, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer manages objects in two CloudKit databases, the .private and the .shared database. 2 Reviews. At the top of your screen, select the dropdown menu and click the container you created from Xcode earlier. With the introduction of CloudKit sharing it is now possible for individual app users to share private database records with other users. CloudKit - Share Files between Users via a URL, https://github.com/iRareMedia/iCloudDocumentSync, https://github.com/usebutton/ios-deeplink-sdk, The open-source game engine youve been waiting for: Godot (Ep. Let's get started with sharing. It might make more sense for CKAsset, but for now Apple hasn't added the capability. Its fair to say iCloud got off to a bit of a rocky start. Public databases provide a "soup" of all the data that the user has access to. Finally, one of the most important aspects of any operation is the qualityOfService value. Otherwise, use fetchShares(matching:) to see if you have objects matching the objectID in question. The first is the notion of a set of actors. 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In just a few lines of code provided objectID is in sharedObjectIDs DestinationDetailView.swift to present the cloud-sharing view add.